我在加州大學教詩和創作及比較文學的課,一九七0年春天曾發起每週一次的Literary Walk(文學
散步,是實實在在的散步),以下兩篇均曾由我的學生在散步途中即興演出過。
【即興的意思當然是未經排演而臨時即席演出的意思,只有導演本人事先知道什麼事會發生,參與的演出者都是毫無準備的,所以沒有固定的演員,演員就是觀眾本身,他們即席自由舒發,按照導演臨時的指示演出。導演對於這次的演出能控制的只有場地的選擇,氣氛和律動的運用。】
時間和地點:黃昏。土黃的太陽。寂寂的剪出修長的樹影和偃臥在厚厚的乾枯的落葉上的影子,顏色和光是一種奇異的紅黃的凝混。一些殘綠仍無聲的招展著。好深沈的樹林──
開始時,一隊人(觀眾),二十來個,緩緩的走著,耳語著,等到他們走近樹林時,導演說:
「這麼安靜的時刻,讓我們來演一齣戲──
這裏有一個鼓,我要一個人專門打鼓,不是繁複的敲打,只是單調不變的斷音,但速度要和常人走路的速度一樣,聲音愈響愈好。【把鼓交給觀眾一。】
然後,我要三個壯漢用肩膀抬著一個寂然不動的女性的軀體,慢慢的向光處前行,但設法用慢動作走──要比電影裏的慢鏡頭還要慢,大約每步用20-30秒鐘左右。
最後,我要六七個女孩,(披黑衣白衣最好,但穿大蓬裙或長裙的也可以。)你們在樹幹間飛快的穿梭,手足之間,作飛翔之姿,速度要比鼓聲快兩倍以上。
在鼓聲開始時,我(導演)和另一位觀眾輪讀一首詩,詩的內容你們不必知道,你們只注意Pause(停止)這一個字,你們一聽到這一個字,無論你們當時在什麼步姿,你們都要停住,但穿飛的女孩子和鼓聲則繼續不斷,只有其他三組人停住;如果腳在空中,就停釭中,手旋向右方或身傾就讓它們在那裏打住。等我讀到And begin again(再開始)的時候,你們再繼續慢步向前。因為輪讀的關係,你們將聽到相隔長短不一的Pause你們都要停住。
好,現在可以開始了,直到那首詩唸完為止。」
演出(作品本身)
註:題目取自Kenneth Patchen的詩,這裏只取其律動,與其內容不必有直接的關係。
附錄:What is the Beautiful,這首詩的應用和音樂裏的擊、止、收、放于,所以不必翻譯,但演出時一定要翻出亦無不可。全詩如下:
What is the Beautiful?
Kenneth Patchen
The narrowing line.
Walking on the burning ground.
The ledges of stone.
Owlfish wading near the horizon
Unrest in the outer districts.
Pause
And begin again.
Needles through the eye.
Bodies cracked open like nuts.
Must have a place.
Dog has a place.
Pause
And begin again.
Tents in the sultry weather.
Rifles hate holds.
Who is right?
Was Christ?
Is it wrong to love all men?
Pause
And begin again.
Contagion of murder.
But the small whip hits back.
This is my life, Caesar.
I think it is good to live.
Pause
And begin again.
Perhaps the shapes will open
Will flying fly?
Will singing have a song?
Will the shapes of evil fall?
Will the lives of men grow clean?
Will the power be for good?
Will the power of man find its sun?
Will the power of man flame as a sun?
Will the power of man turn against death?
Who is right?
Is war?
Pause
And being again.
A narrow line.
Walking on the beautiful ground
A ledge of fire.
It would take little to be free.
That on man hate another man.
Because he is black;
Because he is yellow;
Because he is white;
Or because he is English;
Or German;
Or rich;
Or poor;
Because we are everyman.
Pause
And begin again.
It would take little to be free.
That no man live at the expense of another.
Because no man can own what belongs to all.
Because no man can kill what all must use.
Because no man can lie when all are betrayed.
Because no man can hate when all are hated.
And begin again.
I know that the shapes will open.
Flying will fly, and singing will sing.
Because the only power of man is in good.
And all evil shall fail.
Because evil does not work.
Because the white man and the black man,
The Englishman and the German,
Are not real things.
They are only pictures of things.
Their shapes, like the shapes of the tree
And the flower, have no lives in manes or sings
They are their lives and the real is in them.
And what is real shall have life always.
Pause.
I believe in the truth.
I believe that every good thought I have,
All men shall have.
I believe that what is best in me,
Shall be found in every man.
I believe that only the beautiful
Shall survive on the earth.
I believe that the perfect shape of everything
Has been prepared;
And, that we do not fit our own
Is of little consequence
Man beckons to man on this terrible road.
I believe that we are going into the darkness now;
Hundreds of years will pass before the light
Shines over the world of all men…
And I am blinded by its splendor.
Pause
And begin again.